We offer you several ways to save electricity. Read a detailed list of possible solutions is in your particular situation, if you consult with an expert of holding.

Electricity consumption for lighting of industrial enterprises has increased steadily and averaged by in 5 - 10% of their total consumption. In some branches the power consumption for lighting units varies considerably: in steel mills - about 5% -10% in engineering, light industry - and an average of 15%. In some enterprises of light industry, the share of electricity consumption on lighting units exceeds 30%.

Electric lighting is along with other devices such as technical equipment of production facilities provides a comfortable environment for productive work, the level of illumination significantly affects on the productivity. Target of energy savings on lighting installations: the minimum cost of electricity, thanks to the correct device and operation of lighting equipment to ensure optimum illumination of production facilities and jobs and quality of lighting.

For the current lighting installations actual illumination depends on the actual light, space resources, the number of fixtures, and the number of lamps in each luminaries, the luminous flux of each lamp, the utilization rate of the luminous flux

The luminous flux tubes depend on the type and power of the lamp, the voltage across the lamp and its degree of wear. The coefficient of luminous flux depends on the following factors: the efficiency and curve shape distributions of intensity lamps, height of hanging lamps, increasing its reduction, the area of space S.

Electricity savings in the design of lighting installations

Building codes provide guidelines for rational flower decoration of walls, ceilings, floors, trusses, beams, and technological equipment shop industry to improve the lighting of industrial premises and working conditions.

In the design of natural and artificial lighting facilities of industrial buildings should take into account the increase in job place’s light at the expense of the reflected light from the interior surfaces, trimmings are carried out in accordance with the recommendations of building codes.

Electricity consumption for electric lighting depends on the number and power of lamps, power losses in the ballasts (PPA) and the lighting network and from - the number of hours of use the power of lighting equipment for the period (for example a year).

The duration of the lamps mainly depends on efficient devices and maximizes the use of natural lighting.

Rational unit of natural light’s manufacturing facilities and the establishment of sufficient illumination of working surfaces, which is required by the technological process of production, must be provided for the building’s design. Sometimes people forget about such thing, using the building’s designers which intended for industry with low requirements for illumination’s level

Lack of natural light in such buildings below the allowable for this type of industry, especially on cloudy winter days, leads to using electric lighting during daylight hours.

The effectiveness and duration of natural light using depends on the state of glazing, and for keeping it clean it requires regular glasses’ cleaning. Frequency of cleaning depends on the degree of air pollution of industrial premises and outdoor air.

Rules of the electricity generating plant’s operation (PTE) required producing at least cleaning of glasses two times a year with minimal dust and no less than four times a year with significant discharges of dust, smoke and soot.

Purification methods depend on the persistence of pollution: for easily removable dust and dirt it is enough to wash windows suds and water with subsequent wipes. With persistent oily contamination, oil soot for cleaning it is necessary to use chemical composition

The effectiveness of regular rubbing glazing is very high: Duration’s of the burning lamps which works two shifts reduced in winter reduces not less than 15% and in summer by 90%.

Economical consumption of electricity for lighting installation for long terms depends on the correct choice of light sources and luminaries, and also the rational use of lighting equipment.

When you take into account what lamp is better to use you consider the height of the lighting facilities, their size, environmental conditions, lighting fixtures data, their energy efficiency, the required illumination, lighting quality, etc. The important thing for lamps efficiency is having reflectors.

Electric lighting control

For the economical expenditure of energy in electrical lighting installations shall be provided a rational system of lighting control. Properly constructed scheme of lighting control helps reduce the duration of burning lamps and with this purpose it provides for turning on and off of individual fixtures, groups of them, of premises, buildings, and the entire enterprise.

In the low and small manufacturing and service areas (with a height of 4-5 m) possible to use switches for one or two lamp or a small group of fixtures.

For large shops may use remote-controlled lighting contactor of the workshop and a limited number of seats - one or two that will facilitate control of lights and allow more economical using of electricity.

Remote control of lighting is placed in the enterprises of stuff on duty.

Exterior lighting’s control which is divided into parts (lighting of roads and driveways, security lighting, lighting of public places, lighting of large areas and open warehouses) should be centralized across the enterprise. Usually centralized lighting control across the enterprise, which coverage of all buildings and outdoor lighting. For remote control of lighting it is used telephone cable and remote control. Lighting control of the company, as a rule focus on point duty energy of Management Company.

Centralized lighting control across the enterprise aims to select the most rational of time on and off lights, combining it with the level of natural light, with the beginning, breaks and end of the work in the shops of the enterprise.

In practice, there are different schemes of automated lighting control. Most automated management of outdoor lighting. For automatic control of lighting it is used photocells or photo resistor, which serves as sensors for automatic control. Automatically adjusted to a certain minimal level of natural light to turn off the light with the coming of dawn, and its inclusion in the twilight.

Electricity savings in lighting equipment‘s operation

Essential meaning for energy saving in lighting installations has their proper maintenance and repair. By chief energy’ service must be drawn up plans and timetables for inspections, cleansing, replacement lamps and preventative maintenance of lighting equipment and monitor their implementation.

Extensive group activities on energy savings associated with the proper maintenance and repair of lighting equipment. The most important of them is the development and implementation of methods and devices for timely clearance lamps and replacement of worn tubes, whose significance for the management of electricity consumption for lighting is extremely high.

Reduced burning lamps provides direct power savings in this event designed to maximize natural light, proper lighting control device, application software and automatic lighting control.

Rules of Technical Operation of Electrical Equipment (PTE) provide that the cleaning of lamps and lighting fixtures should be made in terms, a charge of electrical equipment, depending on local conditions. The Regulations for Electrical Installation (PUE) and departmental instructions have guidance on the recommended of cleaning of fixtures’frequances. Postern’s flux sharply increased from pollution fixtures.

To ensure economical operation of the lamp it is used to allow easy removal of all contaminants parts such as protective glasses, reflectors, lenses, and cartridges for cleaning them in hospital workshops.

Should be worked out in detail the process of replacing the movable parts lighting fixtures clean and clean the dirty parts and workshops with special washing compositions and means of mechanization. In operation there must be an exchange fund of at least 5 - 10% of movable parts, located in the lighting installations.

It should be eliminated a major cause of unsatisfactory operation of lights, it is the difficulty of access to them. This is especially true for shops, which high is than 4 meters, where these questions are more actual. The most convenient for the maintenance of lighting equipment, fixed equipment, including: technical floors (arranged for various kinds of communications, ventilation, and air conditioning), playgrounds, special electrical bridges.

Maintenance of nominal voltage levels in the lighting network

Voltage fluctuations lead to the overrun of electricity. The voltage on the outputs of lamps should not be above 105% and below 85% of nominal voltage. Reduce the voltage to 1% causes a decrease in luminous flux of lamps: lamps is 3 - 4%, fluorescent lamps is on 1,5% and lamps DRL is by 2,2%.

One of the main causes of large fluctuations in voltage lighting network of industrial enterprises are starting current of large electric motors installed in units with heavy masses underneath it, presses, compressors, hammers, etc. Significantly increases could be noticed in the electricity’s voltage industry during the night, when overnight compensating devices are disconnected. Voltage fluctuations caused also by changing the power load during the day.

To eliminate the effect of voltage fluctuations on the efficiency of the lighting units are used separate transformers for the lighting load and the compensating device which turns on and off but strictly according to the schedule.

Recently, in order to stabilize voltage lighting system, it is used of automatic voltage regulation. For industrial lighting grids are developed and widely used automatic voltage regulation with the help of booster transformer and the inclusion of additional network inductance.

^{*Based on the materials of “School for the electrician"}